Over the last decades, the incidence of autoimmune diseases has been increasing dramatically in Western countries. Among these diseases, we can mention Multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes (IDDM), inflammatory bowel diseases (mainly Crohn’s disease) (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary biliary cirrhosis, myasthenia gravis (MS), autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), hepatitis[…]
Among the variables that impact the risks and costs associated with waiting for later rewards is the internal, physical condition of the body. When healthy, we are less in need of immediate resources to manage a metabolically costly response to infection, injury, or disease. We are more likely to[…]
Children who experience chronic stressors are vulnerable to emotional and physical health problems during their entire life. An adverse early life environment can induce changes on behavioural and metabolic responses later in life. Childhood adversity has been linked to elevated[…]
Vagus nerve has direct connections between your brain and organs (e.g. stomach, lungs, heart, spleen, intestines, liver and kidneys). It is vital for keeping our bodies healthy by regulating our immune system, controlling stress and reducing inflammation. The vagus nerve is an essential part of the brain–gut axis and plays[…]
Smoking habit is a possible environmental trigger for several autoimmune diseases (e.g. inflammatory bowel diseases), by increasing production of free radicals which provoke DNA alterations leading to autoimmunity, or even triggering protein citrullination with subsequent production of autoantibodies. Though the role of nicotine has been controversial. Some studies claim[…]
